Guinea Pigs

Overview

Guinea pigs, also known as cavies, are small, gentle rodents that make delightful pets, especially for families and first-time pet owners. They belong to the family Caviidae and originate from the Andes in South America. Known for their friendly and social nature, guinea pigs enjoy the company of their human caregivers and can even communicate with a range of vocalizations, from squeaks to purrs.

Appearance

Guinea pigs are compact, sturdy rodents with short legs and no tail. They typically weigh between 1.5 to 2.5 pounds and measure about 8 to 12 inches in length. Their fur can be short, long, or even curly, and comes in a variety of colors and patterns, including solid, spotted, and roan.

Behavior

Guinea pigs are social animals that thrive in the company of other guinea pigs. They are generally active during the day (diurnal) and have a calm and gentle disposition. They enjoy exploring their environment, burrowing, and playing with toys. Guinea pigs are also known for their unique sounds, such as “wheeking” when excited and “purring” when content. Providing them with companionship and enrichment is essential to their well-being.

Diet

A balanced diet for guinea pigs includes:

• High-quality hay: Such as Timothy or orchard grass, which should make up the bulk of their diet.
• Fresh vegetables: Particularly leafy greens like romaine lettuce, cilantro, and bell peppers, which provide essential Vitamin C.
• A small amount of high-fiber pellets: Specifically formulated for guinea pigs.
• Fresh fruits: Such as apples and strawberries, offered as occasional treats in moderation.

Housing

Provide a spacious enclosure with:

• A large cage with a solid floor: Covered with soft bedding like paper-based or aspen shavings to prevent foot injuries.
• Hiding spots, tunnels, and chew toys: To encourage natural behaviors and provide mental stimulation.
• A secure, guinea pig-proofed area: For supervised playtime outside of the cage.
• Fresh, clean water: Available at all times, typically provided in a water bottle.

Health

Common health concerns for guinea pigs include:

• Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy): Due to their inability to synthesize this essential vitamin.
• Respiratory infections: Which can quickly become severe if not treated promptly.
• Dental issues: Including overgrown teeth, which require regular monitoring.
• Gastrointestinal stasis: A potentially life-threatening condition if not treated promptly.

Care tips include:

• Keep the cage clean by regularly changing the bedding and removing waste.
• Provide a varied diet rich in Vitamin C to prevent deficiencies.
• Schedule regular vet visits at Animal Republic Veterinary Hospital and Emergency to monitor their health, detect any issues early, and provide preventive care.
• Ensure daily interaction and socialization to keep them happy and engaged.
• Monitor their weight and eating habits closely, as any sudden changes could indicate health problems.

Lifespan

Guinea pigs typically live between 5 to 7 years, but with excellent care, some can live up to 8 years or more.

When to Seek Veterinary Care

If you notice any health issues such as changes in appetite, difficulty breathing, unusual vocalizations, or abnormal droppings, it’s important to bring your guinea pig to Animal Republic Veterinary Hospital and Emergency immediately. Our experienced team is dedicated to providing the highest level of care to keep your guinea pig healthy and content.